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Friday, 18 May 2012


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Slave Owners, Slave Holdings and Slave Transactions

Fannin County, Texas 1836-1865

It was estimated that the slave population of Texas, in 1836, was five thousand. Many of the earliest settlers of Fannin County arrived in the area with slaves in their households, but no statistics on the number of slave holdings is available until the 1840 tax rolls. In that year there were 37 slave owners with a total of 99 slaves.

In 1850 Texas had a slave population of 58,161. In Fannin County there were 139 slave owners with 493 slaves. By 1860 the slave population of the state had increased by some 214% to 182,000. The 1860 Fannin County Slave Population Schedule shows 202 slave owners with 1,682 slaves.

Fannin County was never one of the larger slave holding counties and the deed records of the period from 1836 to 1865 saw few slave transactions in comparison with other counties. Between the beginning of the county, in 1837, and 1850, only twenty transactions are of record. From 1850 until the end of the Civil War, in 1865, only an additional 104 transactions are recorded.

The earliest sale is recorded in the deed from Carter T. and Abigail Clifft to Charles Quillen an 23 April 1836. This transaction actually took place within the confines of Red River County before the area was cut away to farm Fannin County, but the deed is recorded in the Fannin County records. The last transaction, between Reese Stewart and Franklin Stewart, took place nearly ten weeks after Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House an 9 April 1865.

In 1850 the average value of a slave was $362, but by 1860 this had nearly doubled to $672. Field hands generally sold for $1,200 to $2,000. Plowboys were valued at $1,000 to $1,500. A slave with exceptional or unusual skills could bring a considerably higher price. The highest price an record in Fannin County was the $3,200 paid by Nancy C. Hardeman to Thomas Williams on 8 Oct 1863.

There are only two instances of public slave sales in the county. The first was the sale of a single slave by Simpson, Inglish, and White to R. H. Taylor on 4 April 1854. The other, and largest sale, was Jason Pettigrew's sale to the highest bidder W. B. Allen. The latter sale was referred to by J. Taylor Allen in his Early Pioneer Days in Texas, published in 1918, as "the famous Jason Pettigrew sale."

Many slaves were never put up for sale simply because they remained the property of one family for several generations and the slaves and their progeny were simply passed down by will and probate.

The transactions included in this compilation are bilIs of sale, mortgages, deeds of gift, and inventories of separate property.

1836

23 April 1836, Deed Book 8, pg. 45
C.T. Clifft & Abigail Clift to Charles Quillen for $800

1838

26 Sept 1838, Deed Book A, pg. 26
William Heath to Daniel Rowlett for $2800

1840

7 Mar 1840, Deed Book A, pg. 68
Thomas J. Shannon to James B. Shannon for $900

1843

3 Nov 1841, recorded Fannin Co. 21 Dec 1843 Deed Book B, Pg. 96
Carter Dalton of Fentree Co., Tenn. to Mary M. Hynson of Carroll County, Tenn. for love for love and affection to my daughter

3 Jan 1843 Deed Book B, pg. 88
Louisa Sowell to Jabez Fitzgerald for $40

1845

23 Apr 1845 Deed Book B, pg. 244
James H. Miller to Dr. John H. Wilson for $350

15 Jan 1845 Deed Book B, pg. 222
Garrett Fitzgerald to John D. Fitzgerald... in consideration for support of the Family of Garrett Fitzgerald and his wife Margaret and support and education of John's sister Eliza Jane.

Said Garrett Fitzgerald is wholly blind and incapable of attending to any business and has become almost helpless. John D. Fitzgerald also agrees to supply and support his younger brother James Fitzgerald who is also diseased and wholly blind.

1846

14 Nov 1846, Deed Book B, pg. 569
Thomas Walden to Felicia Dagley for $450

[Not sourced...suspect Deed Book B, after pg. 569]
Robert H. Taylor to Nancy Hardeway For love and affection to my mother-in-law for $5.00

1847

23 Feb 1847 Deed Book B, pg. 581
John E. Standifer to John Yeary For $435

27 Mar 1847, Deed Book C, pg. 28
Mark Roberts of Grayson County to Harrison G. Hendricks for $1204.54

13 Nov 1847, Deed Book C, pg. 111
Mark R. Roberts of Collin County to Prudence my daughter, wife of Levi Mc Cray

1848

25 Jan 1848 Deed Book C, pg. 122
Bedford S. Davis for love and affection toward my children, John Randolph, Pervasia, and Georgiann Davis.

4 Oct 1848, Commissioners Court Book A, pg. 321
Sale of 3 slaves from estate of J. J. Nicholson, buyer not named.

28 Dee 1848 Deed Book C, pg. 348
Francis Harrison, Thomas Harrison, James Harrison, Susan Mobley, late Susan Harrison and Thomas Mobley her husband, and Williann George, late Williann Harrison to John Harrison for $541.66 2/3.

1849

7 Jan 1849, Deed Book C, pg. 306
James N. Pettit to Eliza De Guire, wife of Francis DeGuire for $170.

20 Mar 1849, Deed Book C, pg. 326
Francis E. Harrison and wife Mary Ann to James W. and Samuel E. Doss for $600.

11 Oct 1849 Deed Book D, pg. 326
Will of Joseph Hawkins to children and legal heirs of my son Andrew B. Hawkins.

To children and legal heirs of my son Strother M. Hawkins My sons appointed legal guardians of their children.

1850

1 Apr 1850, Deed Book D, pg. 138
Lucy Bolton to my daughter Mrs. Elizabeth McKee, wife of the Rev. John McKee for natural love and affection.

4 Apr 1850, Deed Book D, pg. 95
James Isham and Sarah Isham (formerly Sarah Fitzgerald, wife of Joseph B. Fitzgerald) for sale of negros belonging to sd. deceased's estate to Joel Fuller for $540.

10 Apr 1850, Deed Book D, pg. 300
Benjamin Priddy and wife Hariett Ann Priddy to Andrew B. Hawkins, guardian of minor children of sd. Hawkins and wife Eliza for $50.00

18 Nov 1850, Deed Book J, pg. 447-48
Marshall Jamison of Robertson County to daughter Elizabeth Nicholson, wife of Malachi H. Nicholson, for natural love and affection.

1851

7 Nov 1851, Deed Book F, pg. 73
James W. Doss and Samuel E. Doss to Richard H. Locke for $800.

1852

3 Jan 1852, Deed Book F, pg. 160
Thomas F. Garrison and wife Pauline, one of the heirs of William H. and Elizabeth Moore, deceased, to Irving F. Sadler for $130.

1853

10 Jan 1853, Deed Book G, pg. 236
George Titus to Peter W. Titus, whereas Peter W. Titus hath furnished to me a comfortable support...natural love and affection he being my son.

27 Dec 1853, Deed Book H, pg. 292
Thomas Ragsdale to Joel Fuller for $300.

29 Dec 1853, Deed Book H, pg 293
Josel C. Fuller to Mary Young for $737.

1854

4 Apr 1854, Deed Book H, pg. 196
John P. Simpson, Bailey Inglish, and Benjamin White to Robert H. Taylor for $650.00 Sold at Public Auction

17 May 1854, Deed Book H, pg. 528
L. C. Alexander to C. C. Alexander for $1,000.

18 Nov 1854, Deed Book H, pg. 470
Reuben Weathersbee to daughter Delilah Weathersbee for $1.00.

18 Nov 1854, Deed Book H, pg. 469
Reuben Weathersbee to daughter Elizabeth Pace for $1.00.

1855

15 Jan 1855, Deed Book N, pg. 67
James W. Christian to daughter Martha W. Bartee for love and affection.

7 Feb 1855, Deed Book H, pg 554
Clinton C. Alexander to Almarine M. Alexander of Grayson County for $1000.

7 Feb 1855, Deed Book H, pg 582
C. C. Alexander to Zachariah B. Sims for $1500.

16 Jul 1855, Deed Book I, pg. 104
Thomas Amos of Maury County, Tennessee to Sarah M. Jones of Limestone County, Alabama (Schedule of Separate Property of Sarah M. Jones)

31 Dec 1850 - Filed at Bonham, Texas by Sarah M. Jones wife of Clinton C. Jones

1 Aug 1855, Deed Book I, p. 122
Brice M. Rogers to C. C. Alexander for $300.

1856

28 Feb 1856, Deed Book L, pg 422
James W. Christian for love and affection for my daughter Adelia J. Leach.

24 Apr 1856, Deed Book I, pg 248
William H. Hunt to John Fraley for $400

8 Oct 1856, Deed Book J, pg. 301
Wayne Vanlier and wife Mary E. Vanlier to Newton Gilbert for $650.

6 Nov 1856, Deed Book N, pg 58
James Harrison to Franklin B. Pierce for $487

11 Nov 1856, Deed Book J, pg. 78
T.W.T. Wright and wife Lovey Ann Wright to John R. Russell for $650.

1857

1 Jan 1857, Deed Book M, pg. 57
William W. Pierce to Franklin B. Pierce for $900.

23 Mar 1857, Deed Book J, pg 329
W. S. Huffaker and wife Perunia Huffaker to B. S. Davis for $2300.

11 May 1857, Deed Book J, pg. 250
James N. Pettit to John McFarland for $4500.

25 May 1857, Deed Book M, pg. 245
F. H. Graham to James A. Donaldson for $300.

15 Jun 1857, Deed Book J, pg. 281
John Smith and wife Emmaline Smith to William and E. S. Brown for $500.

11 Jul 1857, Deed Book J, pg. 281
William and E. S. Brown to Joel Fuller for $500.

11 Jul 1857, Deed Book J, pg. 282
William C. Brown and wife Sarah E. Brown to Joel Fuller for $500.

Property of Jordan Fuller, dec'd. and bequeathed to Elizabeth Fuller, his widow.

23 Jul 1857 Deed Book J, pg 559
John W. and Mary Story to Joel Fuller.

Property of Jordan Fuller dec'd.

24 Aug 1857, Deed Book J, pg 388
William A. Allen to James W. Schrimsher for $200.

10 Sep 1857, Deed Book J, pg 387
David Y. Allen to Joseph H. Morrison for $200.

9 Nov 1857, Deed Book K, pg 127
John McFarland to Wiley Hulsey for $1200.

13 Nov 1857, Deed Book K, pg 83
John McFarland for love and affection to my daughter Emily, wife of James N. Pettit including two daughters of sd. James Pettit by a former wife, to wit Missouri and Lucretia.

28 Dec 1857, Deed Book J, pg. 461
James W. Russell to B. F. Christian for $1000.

1858

3 Jan 1858 Deed Book J, pg. 474
Churchill Beale to M. R. Roberts for $426.

Also agreement to hire services of a man named Shed to Alfred E. Pace for $200 and to hire the services of a man named Calvin to M. B. Nicholson for $226.

20 Jul 1858, Deed Book K, pg. 190
Matilda Cross to Thomas Hobbs for $1200.

22 Jul 1858, Deed Book K, pg. 213
Mark R. Roberts to daughter Eliza Taylor, deed of gift.

27 Oct 1858, Deed Book K, pg. 212
Thomas B. Goss to Nancy L. Goss for $1000.

2 Nov 1858, Deed Book L, pg 81
Richard H. Locke, administrator of Polly Ann Rowlett, dec'd. to Benjamin F. Christian for $750.

3 Sep 1858, Deed Book L, pg. 126
Matilda Clark to J. W. Snoddy of Collin County...my interest in the estate of my sister Polly Ann Rowlett for $750.

4 Oct 1858, Deed Book L, pg. 173
Evan T. Watson to Evalina Watson my wife.

Nov 1858, Deed Book L, pg. 240
James F. Bradford for natural love and affection to my daughter Mrs. Charlotte Cleveland.

1859

Apr 1859, Deed Book L, pg 227
Jesse Bumpass of Madison County, Tennessee to Lucinda Bumpass wife of James M. Bumpass of Fannin County, for love and affection to sd. Lucinda Bumpass and the children of my son James M. Bumpass.

28 May 1859, Deed Book L, pg 190
Grant Clutter to W. A. Evans.

7 Apr 1859, Deed Book L, pg 251
Samuel H. Adams to C. C. Yoakum for $232.77

5 Oct 1859, Deed Book L, pg. 384
Samuel Long of Lamar County to Andrew Daugherty for $1100.

2 Sep 1859, Deed Book L, pg. 389
Thomas H. Higginbotham to Gracy Higginbotham for $1.00.

2 Oct 1859, Deed Book L, pg. 403
Reuben Weathersbee for natural love and affection to my daughters Delilah and Elizabeth for $1.00

22 Oct 1859, Deed Book L, pg. 467
Reuben Weathersbee for natural love and affection to my daughter Mary Weathersbee for $1.00

22 Oct 1859, Deed Book L, pg. 468
Reuben Weathersbee to my daughter Francis for $1.00.

22 Oct 1859 Deed Book L, pg. 468
Reuben Weathersbee to Prissy Jane Brotherton wife of William Brotherton for $1.00

14 Nov 1859, Deed Book L, pg. 469
Reuben Weathersbee to William Brotherton for $500.

29 Oct 1859 Deed Book L, pg. 629
William McDade to Henry D. Pope and James McDade, deed in trust, $10.00. Estate of Nancy J. McDade

1860

3 Mar 1860, Deed Book M, pp. 35-36
James M Smoot for natural love and affection to my daughter, Ann.

14 Mar 1860 Deed Book M, pg. 101
Z. B. Sims to James W. Doss, promissory note sold to Samuel A. Roberts, trustee for Doss.

30 Mar 1860 Deed Book M, pg. 115
John and Mary McLeron, mortgage to M. H. Ragsdale for debt $600.

13 Apr 1860 Deed Book M, pg. 27
Ashley L. Pace to Joseph B. Oliphint for $600.

3 May 1860, Deed Book M, pp. 28-29
Louisa V. Rush (Rusk) schedule of separate property.

2 Jun 1860, Deed Book M, pg 59
Samuel Adams to Sarah P. Adams, my wife for $1100.

30 Aug 1860, Deed Book M, pg 175
John and Mary Eliza McLaren; mortgage for $600 to Martin H. Ragsdale.

17 Sep 1860, Deed Book M, pg. 342
Jason Pettigrew, admimistrator of the estate of Elizabeth Pettigrew, by order of the court. . . sale at the courthouse to highest bidder, W. B. Allen for $1250.

2 Oct 1860, Deed Book M, pgs, 211-12
Arch Dillingham to E. C. Davidson, deed of trust for $5.00 and promissory note of $920.

15 Oct 1860, Deed Book M, pg. 212
Martha L. Keen, schedule of separate property.

31 Oct 1860, Deed Book M, pg 311
John H. Bartee to Samuel A. Roberts and Henry M. Fletcher for debt. . .promissory note to Fletcher for $1000.

1861

22 Jan 1861, Deed Book M, pg 405-06
Joseph B. Eaton for love and affection to my children, Mary Jane Eaton, James R. Eaton, and William F. Eaton

17 Jan 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 50
Elijah Dupree of Ladonia to firm of A. B. James & Co. of New Orleans, Louisiana, mortgage for $1380.40. [Same transaction seems to be recorded below at 6 Mar 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 50]

7 Jan 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 139
John M. and E. M. McLearin to J. A. Donaldson for $605.75.

17 Jan 1861, Deed Book N, pg 488.
Robert Clark to Amanda C. Willhoite et aI, for love and affection to my 5 daughters and their children.

1 Feb 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 16
Archibald Dillingham to William E. Dailey, deed in trust, $1015.

10 Feb 1861, Deed Book M, pg 438
Z. B. Sims to Daniel W. Lee for $820.

6 Mar 1861, Deed Book N, pgs. 600 - 01
Elijah Dupree of Ladonia to John R. Russell, trustee of the second part and William McMaster, Jr. representing the firm of Margueze & Co. of New Orleans, Louisiana, deed in trust for $900.

23 Mar 1861, Deed Book N, pg 47
Samuel H. Adams and Sarah P. Adams, deed in trust to T. J. Gates.

26 Apr 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 59
Adeline G. Prince, schedule of separate property.

6 Mar 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 50
Elijah Dupree of Ladonia to A. B. James & Co. of New Orleans, mortgage for $1380.41. [Same transaction seems to be recorded above at 17 Jan 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 50]

8 Oct 1861, Deed Book N, pg 158
Nancy H. Self, wife of Adam Self, schedule of separate property. Property given to Nancy by her father.

17 Oct 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 363
John H. Bartee to Samuel A. Roberts, deed in trust.

26 Oct 1861, Deed Book N, pg. 599
W. A. Davis to James Patterson, mortgage for debt, $3000.

4 Dec 1861, Deed Book N, pg 181
John McLeran to W. A. Evans, deed in trust for $605.70.

12 Dec 1861, Deed Book N, p. 190
J. W. Christian to Louisa P. Wood, wife of W. M. Wood

12 Dec 1861 Deed Book N, pg 191
J. W. Christian to wife Lavina Christian. . . diverse negroes, the separate property of Lavina Christian given to her by her Father Benjamin Joslin, amounting to the aggregate of $15,000

1862

25 Jan 1862, Deed Book O, pg 31
Samuel Johnston to Mary I. Price as her portion of my estate.

15 Feb 1862, Deed Book N, pg 264
John W. Taylor to Francis K. Taylor.

17 Feb 1862 Deed Book N, pg 309
B. F. Christian to Jane Anderson for $1000.

27 Feb 1862, Deed Book N, pg. 292
John and Mary McLarin, mortgage to W. E. Dailey and son for $281.

7 Apr 1862, Deed Book N, pg. 301
A. L. Pace to Simeon D. Nunnelee, surviving partner of Nunnelee and Hoffar, deed in trust for $500 account due Nunnelee and Hoffar.

16 Aug 1862, Deed Book N, pg 342
M. W. Johnson to Sylvanus Howell for $1000.

29 Sep 1862 Deed Book N, pg. 404
J. S. Moore to C. C. Alexander for $1400.

8 Oct 1862, Deed Book N, pg. 454
Lavinia Christian to James W. Christian for $15,000.

1863

6 Jan 1863, Deed Book N, pg 384
A. L. Pace to Charles Doss for $600.

12 Jan 1863, Deed Book N, pg. 392
A. L. Pace to R. W. Cook for $1700.

16 Mar 1863, Deed Book N, pg. 455
P. M. Phillips to Martin M. Barnes for $1800.

14 Aug 1863, Deed Book N, pg. 588
Micajah Pendleton of the State of Missouri to Thomas J. Gates for $1500.

8 Oct 1863 Deed Book N, pg. 689
Thomas Williams to Nancy C. Hardeman for $3200.

[Not sourced...suspect Deed Book N, after pg. 689]
J. W. Christian to my son James D. Christian.

1864

4 Apr 1864, Deed Book O, pg 85
R.C. and Mary A. Stewart to Mary C. Stewart, widow of our son John.

4 Apr 1864, Deed Book N, pg. 784
Mary C. Stewart to R. C. and Mary Stewart relinquishment of all claims I may have had through John M. Stewart, dec'd.

Now in possession of R. C. and Mary Stewart.

18 Apr 1864, Deed Book O, pg. 24
Jesse Ellison of Missouri to D. S. Redner for $10,000 a family of negroes.

8 Aug 1864, Deed Book O, pg 57
Thomas J. Gates to James M. Collins for $3000.

10 Aug 1864, Deed Book O, pg. 57

Taylor and Collins to T. J. Gates for $300.

10 Oct 1864, Deed Book O, pg 65
Mary Young deed of gift to Mary Belle Creel, daughter of R. E. and Sallie W. Creel

11 Nov 1864, Deed Book O, pg. 47
Eliza A. Cowart, widow of Thomas Cowart to T. C. Bass for $950

1865

16 Jun 1865, Deed Book O, pg. 507
Reese C. Stewart to Franklin Stewart.

N. B. Transaction recorded over two months after the surrender of General Robert E. Lee, at Appomattox Court House, Sunday 9 Apr 1865.